What is Chemistry?
化学是什么？
Chemistry is:
The science of the composition structure properties and reactions of matter especially of atomic and molecular systems.
化学是:
是研究物质，(尤其是原子和分子)的组成，结构，性质和相应化学反应的科学。
Chemistry is:
The composition structure properties and reactions of substances.
化学是:
也可指物质的组成，结构以及相关的物理性质和化学性质。
Attending Rema International’s A-Level Chemistry 101 course you will learn:
参加瑞玛国际A-Level化学课程，您可以学到以下内容：
The Scientific Method
科学方法
Learn the essential protocol that is the foundation for all science. The scientific method allows for credible and recreatable results for future scientists to build upon.
所有科学的根本是为了解事物运作的基本原理。科学方法为未来的科学家的研究提供了可信的，可重建的数据结果。
》Define the question
明确问题
》Gather information and resources (observe)
搜集信息和资源（观察）
》Form hypothesis
提出假设
》Perform experiments and collect data
进行实验并收集数据
》Analyze data
分析数据
》Interpret data and draw conclusions that serve as a starting point for new hypothesis
解读数据并得出可以作为新假设的依据的结论
》Publish results
发表结果
》Retest (frequently done by other scientists)
复测 （经常由其他的科学家来做）
Periodic Table of the Chemical Elements
化学元素周期表
Examine the brilliant design and layout of the Periodic Table. Understand that the format of the table gives great insight into the reactivity and physical characteristics of elements. Examine the table and discover all basic features and information that can be assumed from the table.
学习研究元素周期表的精巧设计和布局。懂得周期表的格式后，对各个元素的化学和物理特性都会有更进一步的理解。研究一下元素周期表，找出所有基本的特征和通过此表可以做出的假设。
》Classification of elements
元素的各种分类
》Groups (colums)
族（竖列）
》Periods (rows)
周期（横排）
》Blocks
区
》Trends – interpreting the layout of the table to predict atomic structures
趋势 – 通过元素周期表的布局进行判断，推测相关的原子结构
Atomic Structure
原子结构
Explore the structure of the atom including an in-depth look at a variety of aspects. Review and connect the Periodic Table to atomic structure and infer what an element and/or atoms physical and chemical behavior will be.
从各个方面更深一步的探索原子结构。回顾元素周期表的知识并将其与原子结构相联系，对某元素（原子）的物理和化学性质进行推断。
》Shape and size
形状和大小
》sub-atomic particles (protons neutrons and electrons)
原子内的粒子（质子，中子和电子）
》Nucleus of atoms their properties and resultant effects within reactions
原子核的性质，以及其在反应中的作用
》Electron cloud valence electrons and energy levels
电子云，价电子和能级
》Radioactive decay and unstable isotopes
放射性衰变及不稳定的同位素
Chemical Bonding
化学键
Examine how different types of atoms are able to combine together to form molecules. Explore the different mechanism by which electrons from different atoms are able to bond the atoms together. A key aspect of this unit is understanding electron clouds valence electrons ls and non-ls.
学习不同类型的原子怎样结合形成分子。研究为何来自不同原子的电子能以不同的途径把原子结合在一起。本单元的一个重点则是要理解电子云和价电子的概念，并能分别金属和非金属。
》Valence Bond and Molecular Orbital Theory
价键和分子轨迹理论
》Lewis dot-style depictions
路易斯电子式的描述
》Covalent Bonding
共价键
》Ionic Bonding
离子键
》One- and Three- Electron Bonds
单电子键和叁电子键
》Bent Bonds
弯曲键
》Metallic Bond
金属件
》Intermolecular Bonding
分子间作用力
Basic Stoichiometry (for balancing equations) and the Concept of Moles (Mol)
基础化学计量学（化学方程式配平）和摩尔的概念（mol）
In this unit understanding the concept of moles (as a unit of measurement) is fundamental. After the notion is comfortable to students the focus will shift to Stoichiometry and its usefulness in chemical equations.
本单元的基础是要理解摩尔的概念（作为测量的单位）。当学生熟悉此概念后，精力要转移到化学计量及其在化学方程式中的应用。
》Understanding basic Chemical Equations
理解基础的化学反应方程式
》Law of Conservation of Mass
质量守恒定律
》Law of Definite Proportions
定比定律
》Balancing Basic Chemical Equations
基本的化学方程式配平
》Calculating Moles (Mol) of Atoms / Molecules
原子/分子的摩尔计算
Electrical Chemistry (Basic Electrochemistry)
基础电化学
Examine the electrochemical branch of chemistry to comprehend the formation of electricity from chemical reactions. Understand the reactions and terminology used in electrical chemistry.
研究化学的分支之一-电化学，从而理解如何通过化学反应产生电流。理解在电化学中出现的反应和术语。
》Basic Principles Involved
电化学基本原理
》Redox Reactions
氧化还原反应
》Oxidation and Reduction
氧化反应和还原反应
》Balancing Redox Reactions
氧化还原反应的配平
》Electrochemical Cells (batteries)
化学电池（电池组）
》Corrosion and Protection from Corrosion
腐蚀和腐蚀防护
》Electrolysis (cathod anod semi-permeable surface salt bridge etc.)
电解（阴极，阳极，半透膜，盐桥等）
》Applications
应用
Chemical Change and Chemical Reactions
化学变化和化学反应
Focus on the breaking and formation of bonds between atoms. Examine the energy differential between old and new bonds and understand the energy gained or lost. Rate of reaction and how to alter the rate using a variety of methods.
主要探讨原子间化学键的打破和生成。研究新旧化学键的能量差异，从而理解变化中能量的得失。学习反应速率以及改变反应速率的各种方法。
》Bonding
化学键
》Energy of Activation
活化能
》Effects of Light Temp. Pressure Surface Area and Concentration on Reactions
光，温度，压强，表面积和浓度对反应的影响
》Use of Catalyst in Reactions (applications)
反应中催化剂的使用（应用）
》Endothermic vs. Exothermic reactions吸热vs.
放热反应
Acids Bases and Salts
酸，碱，盐
Look at basic acids s and salts. Understand the definition for use in chemistry. Explore the concept of equilibrium and how (when aqueous) basic acids s and salts react.
学习酸，碱和盐的基础知识。理解在化学中对它们的定义。研究平衡的概念并了解简单的酸，碱，盐（在水溶液中）如何反应。
》pH Scale (0.1-13.9)
pH 值 (0.1-13.9)
》Dissociation and concept of equilibrium
（酸碱）离解和平衡的概念
》Common Acids and Bases
常见的酸和碱
》Strength of Acid (concentraction)
酸的强度（浓度）
》Strength of Base (concentration)
碱的强度（浓度）
》Neutralization of Acids
酸的中和
》Properties
（酸碱盐）的性质
》Understand concept of H^+ and OH^- (H2O -> <- OH^- + H^+)
理解水的离解平衡 - (H2O -> <- OH^- + H^+)
